Breastplate
The breastplate is a set of straps across the chest that keeps the saddle in place.
What is it for?
It stops the saddle sliding back, especially uphill or when jumping.
More about this item
Common forms are the hunting breastplate, attaching to the saddle and girth, and the breastgirth, a band across the chest. There is often a ring to attach a martingale attachment.
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Sources: British Horse Society · The Pony Club (UK). Descriptive only; not care or training advice.