Bridle
The bridle is the set of straps around the head that holds the bit and reins in place.

What is it for?
It carries the bit in the mouth and links the reins to the horse's head.
More about this item
A bridle has a headpiece, cheek pieces, a throatlatch, a noseband and straps that carry the bit. There are English and western styles, and versions with or without a bit.
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Sources: British Horse Society · The Pony Club (UK). Descriptive only; not care or training advice.